Cricula magnifenestrata Naumann & Löffler

Cricula elaezia Jordan, 1909, Novit. zool., 16: 303.

Cricula trifenestrata sensu Holloway, 1976: 85.

Cricula elaezia Jordan; Allen, 1981: 120; Holloway, 1981: 122.

Diagnosis

See under *C. trifenestrata*.

Taxonomic Notes

Naumann & Löffler (2010) have shown that, on the basis of DNA barcode evidence correlated with minor differences in features of facies and male genitalia, the concept of C. elaezia Jordan as presented in Part 3 is part of a complex of species, two of which occur in Borneo, possibly allopatrically. The species illustrated for Borneo in Part 3 and earlier works has been described by them as C. magnifenestrata Naumann & Löffler and by Brechlin (2010a) as C. elaezioborneensis Brechlin and C. elaeziopahangensis Brechlin (a few days later according to Naumann (2010), who placed the Brechlin names as junior synonyms, (but see Paukstadt & Paukstadt (2010) and Paukstadt (2010) for an alternative viewpoint, reversing these synonymies). At the time of writing, as indicated on p. 305, there was no indication of how this unfortunate conflict would be resolved, but it is to be hoped that the views of Nässig et al. (2010) will prevail; therefore these are followed here, and this specific taxon is treated as magnifenestrata. It occurs also in Peninsular Malaysia, but with much reduced genetic variability compared with the Bornean population (Nässig et al., 2010). True elaezia occurs in southern Borneo and Java, with ssp.pelengensis Paukstadt & Paukstadt (=  baliensis Naumann & Löffler (Paukstadt & Paukstadt, 2010)) in Bali. Nässig et al. (1996) suggested that the presence of Cricula elaezia in Buru (the taxon buruensis Jordan) was due to introduction by human transport, but Nässig et al. (2010) have added the possibility that the specimen was mislabelled and probably came from Java.

Male elaezia is smaller than magnifenestrata, a more greyish green colour, with a more strongly falcate forewing apex. Transparent patches of the forewing are usually reduced to one large one, rather than three, in magnifenestrata. The uncus in elaezia has shorter, more acute processes, and the lobes of the juxta are generally smaller.

Naumann & Löffler (2010) and Nässig et al. (2010), have showed that the two Bornean taxa are part of a much wider complex that extends through Sundaland, the Philippines and Sulawesi. The taxa concerned are the two discussed above, together with C. sumatrensis Jordan (Sumatra), C. separata Naumann & Löffler (Sumatra), C. palawanica Brechlin (Palawan), C. mindanaensis Nässig & Treadaway (Mindanao) and C. quinquefenestrata Roepke (Sulawesi). DNA barcoding sequences (Nässig et al., 2010) have indicated that these species have the following relationship, though data for palawanica were not included: (sumatrensis (magnifenestrata (separata, elaezia (mindanaensis, quinquefenestrata)))). This relationship is derived from phenetic analyses rather than cladistic ones.

Geographical range

Sundaland; Buru (ssp. buruensis Jordan).

Habitat preference

Most material seen is from upper montane forest (G. Mulu, G. Kinabalu, Bukit Retak) from 1500-2600m; a single male was taken in the lowlands of Brunei.

Genitalia: